Lebanon is not bound by a general extradition treaty with most Western nations, and extradition decisions are made on a case-by-case basis through the Lebanese judiciary. The Ministry of Justice reviews requests considering bilateral agreements, reciprocity principles, and Lebanese public policy. Political offenses and cases involving potential human rights violations in the requesting state may be grounds for refusal. The process typically takes 6–18 months, during which provisional arrest is possible. Lebanese courts retain discretion to deny extradition if the alleged offense is not criminalized under Lebanese law or if procedural guarantees are deemed insufficient.
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