How long does CJEU litigation against Europol typically take from filing to judgment?

CJEU proceedings against EU agencies typically take between 18 and 30 months from the date of filing to final judgment. Direct actions under Article 263 or 340 TFEU involve written pleadings, a possible reply and rejoinder phase, and potentially an oral hearing. The General Court handles first-instance cases, with appeal to the Court of Justice adding another 12–18 months if pursued. Interim measures can be sought in urgent cases, with decisions on suspension or provisional relief usually issued within weeks.