UK domestic prosecution as an alternative to extradition is theoretically possible but rarely pursued for China-related matters. The UK can exercise extraterritorial jurisdiction over certain serious offences — including terrorism, bribery, and some financial crimes — committed abroad by UK nationals or residents. However, prosecutors require sufficient admissible evidence obtainable without Chinese cooperation, which presents practical difficulties. The Crown Prosecution Service applies a public interest test and typically declines to prosecute where the alleged conduct relates to political dissent or activities protected under UK law. Domestic prosecution is more realistic for genuinely serious transnational crimes where independent evidence exists.
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