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International Human Rights Lawyers

A human rights lawyer protects individuals’ fundamental freedoms, including the right to life, fair trial, protection from arbitrariness, and discrimination. They handle cases both at the national level and in international courts, including the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). Timely consultation with such a specialist can be crucial for restoring violated rights.

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What is Human Rights Law?

Human rights law is a set of legal norms aimed at protecting every person’s basic freedoms and dignity. These norms have both national and international significance. They are designed to prevent state authorities’ arbitrariness and ensure equality, justice, and personal inviolability.

Main Sources and Principles

Key international documents forming the legal basis:

  • Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948);
  • European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (1950);
  • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966);
  • International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966).

Key principles include prohibition of discrimination, the right to life and personal security, protection from torture and cruel treatment, the right to a fair trial, as well as freedoms of expression, conscience, religion, and movement. These human rights are universal and must be strictly observed.

States that have ratified international treaties are obliged to implement them and can be held accountable in international courts in case of human rights abuses. These rights and guarantees are universal and mandatory. States that have signed international treaties bear responsibility for their enforcement and may be held liable in international courts if violations occur.

Types of Human Rights: Civil, Political, Social

Human rights are generally divided into several categories. Civil and political rights include freedom of speech, protection from arbitrary arrest, the right to a fair trial, and participation in political life through elections. Social, economic, and cultural rights concern access to education, medical care, social protection, and participation in cultural life. Modern international law views these human rights as interdependent: the realization of one category is impossible without ensuring the other.

The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) Authority and Jurisdiction

The ECHR is an international judicial body that considers complaints about human rights violations enshrined in the European Convention. The Court hears cases against states that have ratified the Convention. It is not an appellate body for national courts but examines whether international guarantees have been violated.

The jurisdiction of the ECHR extends to state bodies, including police, courts, prisons, migration services, and other authorities.

How to File a Complaint with the ECHR

A complaint can only be submitted after exhausting all effective remedies at the national level. This means the applicant must go through all possible domestic instances before applying to Strasbourg.
The procedure includes:

  • Preparing the complaint in one of the Court’s official languages;
  • particular violations and providing arguments;
  • Observing the six-month deadline (since 2022, four months) from the final decision of the national court;
  • Attaching copies of court decisions and other supporting documents.

What the ECHR Decides and How Its Decisions Are Enforced

The ECHR may find a state guilty of violating the Convention and require compensation, case review, or systemic changes. The Court’s decisions are binding. The Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe monitors enforcement.

Often, ECHR decisions serve as an impetus for reforms: changes in legislation, judicial practice, prison conditions, freedom of assembly, and freedom of expression.

What Does a Human Rights Lawyer Do?

A human rights lawyer is not merely a consultant but an advocate capable of assisting in the most complex situations. They are familiar with both national laws and international conventions and protocols.

They analyze the legal situation and assess case prospects; prepare legal opinions, statements, and complaints; collect evidence, including photos, videos, testimonies; represent clients in courts, including international instances; support clients from the first consultation to the final decision.

In certain cases, the human rights law firm may also participate in filing interim measures with the ECHR if the client’s life or health is at risk.

Main Areas of Work for a Human Rights Lawyer:

  • Preparing and submitting complaints to the ECHR and other international bodies;
  • Representation in national and international courts;
  • Legal analysis of violations and development of defense strategies;
  • Communication with government authorities and international institutions.

A competent human rights law firm in this field is primarily a strategist. They must be able to build a position that complies with both national legal norms and international standards.

When Should You Contact a Human Rights Lawyer?

Rights violations can occur suddenly, and consequences may be fatal without legal support. If you suspect your rights have been violated, you should urgently consult a professional.

Most common situations:

  • Illegal arrest or detention;
  • Torture, inhuman or degrading treatment;
  • Human trafficking, sexual violence, and forced labor
  • Denial of medical care in places of detention;
  • Restriction of freedom of expression or assembly;
  • Discrimination based on gender, race, nationality, religion, or sexual orientation;
  • Censorship or criminal prosecution for political views;
  • Deportation without valid reasons or without regard to personal circumstances.

Timely contact with human rights defenders allows you to stop the violation and prevent its aggravation. Your legal counsel will help document evidence, form a legal position, and take prompt protective measures.

Contacting a Human Rights Lawyer

Legal assistance in the field of human rights requires accuracy, empathy, and knowledge of the international context. Our team of human rights defenders provides personalized legal support and has successful experience working with the ECHR and other entities. We also work with human rights organizations that use a comprehensive approach from initial analysis to final decision, and ensure document preparation in the required languages.

Do you have a problem related to a human rights violation?

Do not postpone action — timely legal assistance can change the course of the case. Contact a human rights lawyer who understands the legal system to receive professional protection, restore justice, and defend your freedoms. We are ready to help you take legal action confidentially, responsibly, and in compliance with all international standards.

Dmytro Konovalenko
Senior Partner, Attorney-at-law, admitted to the Bar (Certificate to practice Law #001156)
Dmytro Konovalenko is member of the International Association of Lawyers. He specialises in cases related to Interpol and successfully successfully challenged Red Notices, extradition requests, and implemented preventive measures for clients from Europe, Asia, the Far East.

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    FAQs

    What does a human rights lawyer do?

    A human rights lawyer analyzes possible violations, advises the client, helps collect evidence, drafts complaints, and represents interests in national and international courts. Their work covers everything from unlawful detention to complaints to the European Court of Human Rights.

    How to file a complaint with the European Court of Human Rights?

    Complaints are filed directly in Strasbourg after all effective remedies have been exhausted domestically. Complaints must be submitted in writing with grounds for violations of the Convention and documentary evidence. The submission deadline is 4 months from the last decision.

    How long does the ECHR take to consider a complaint?

    The process can take from several months to several years, depending on case complexity, priority, and Court workload. Complaints involving threats to life or cruel treatment may be prioritized.

    What rights does the European Convention protect?

    The Convention covers a broad range of rights: right to life, liberty, fair trial, privacy, freedom of expression, protection from discrimination, prohibition of torture and inhuman treatment, freedom of assembly and religion.

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