UAE Extradition Lawyers and Solicitors

In recent years, the issue of extradition to the UAE has been a hot topic in the media. If you encounter any legal problems in the United Arab Emirates, qualified extradition lawyers can assist you. Our Interpol law firm has extensive experience working with extradition requests, international arrest warrants, the removal of Interpol red notices and other legal nuances.

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Extradition in the UAE

Extradition is the legal process by which one country transfers individuals to another country for criminal investigation or to serve sentences for crimes committed.

According to the UAE extradition law, the extradition of accused or convicted individuals for crimes in foreign countries is possible under certain conditions. These conditions include the existence of an extradition treaty between the UAE and the requesting country. Furthermore, the alleged crime must be considered criminally punishable in both the UAE and the requesting country.

The UAE has signed several extradition treaties with various countries to strengthen international cooperation in combating transnational crime, including the USA, the UK, India, and many other Arab and European nations.

Dubai extradition requests must meet the following requirements:

  • The principle of dual criminality (the offence is considered a crime in both countries);
  • For the crime committed in the requesting country, a punishment of imprisonment for a term of not less than 1 year is provided.
  • The remaining sentence for the accused is no less than 6 months.

Over the years, the UAE has considered several high-profile extradition cases that have captured the attention of the international community and sparked debates. In particular, the extradition case of the Briton David Haigh, who was accused of financial crimes in Dubai, received widespread media coverage and raised concerns about legal procedures in the country.

To avoid legal issues in the UAE, it’s crucial to secure the support of a qualified lawyer. Contact us to receive professional advice and protect your rights.

Extradition Law in the UAE

Dubai Extradition laws are governed by Federal Law No. 39 of 2006 on International Judicial Cooperation in Criminal Matters. The United Arab Emirates does not extradite its own citizens. Furthermore, extradition is prohibited for political crimes or if there is a risk of the death penalty, torture, or cruel treatment.

The UAE is a participant in numerous international treaties and agreements that govern extradition matters.

  • Bilateral agreements: extradition treaties with various countries for criminal cooperation within the framework of international law;
  • Multilateral agreements: international conventions on combating organised crime, such as the UN Convention against Transnational Organised Crime and the UN Convention against Corruption.

The Extradition Process in Dubai

Dubai extradition proceedings begin with the submission of an official extradition request through diplomatic channels to the UAE Ministry of Justice. The request must include details of the crime, evidence of guilt, and information about the sentence or charge.

The UAE Ministry of Justice is reviewing the request, checking its compliance with domestic legislation and international treaties. Particular attention is being paid to the principle of dual criminality.

The extradition request is submitted to a UAE court, where the presented evidence is examined. The court must determine whether the conditions for extradition comply with UAE laws and do not violate human rights.

The final decision on extradition is made by the UAE government. It can approve or reject the extradition even after court approval if there are reasons to protect the interests of the country or the individual.

Countries With no Extradition Treaty With the UAE

Due to differences in legal systems, political disagreements, or the absence of diplomatic relations, countries may not sign extradition treaties. The UAE does not have extradition agreements with the following countries:

  • Afghanistan
  • Algeria
  • Armenia
  • Belarus
  • Iran
  • Cambodia
  • China
  • Cuba
  • Mexico
  • Ethiopia
  • Guinea-Bissau
  • Indonesia
  • Iran
  • North Korea
  • Laos
  • Libya
  • Russia
  • Saudi Arabia
  • Syria
  • Turkmenistan
  • Uzbekistan
  • Ukraine
  • Venezuela
  • Yemen
  • Zimbabwe

However, even in the absence of a formal agreement, the extradition proceedings can be initiated based on diplomatic understandings or other international agreements.

Extradition and Interpol Red Notice

A Red Notice is an international request for arrest that Interpol circulates to its member countries with the aim of temporarily detaining an individual. It is not an arrest warrant, but serves as a signal to law enforcement agencies to take action in detaining a person sought after abroad.

Following the issuance of a red notice, law enforcement agencies in the UAE can detain the individual. Detention under a red notice is the first step, but extradition requires an official request from the requesting country.

The country that initiated Interpol red notice, must submit an official extradition request to the UAE government. The request should include evidence supporting the crime and go through official channels. The UAE judicial authorities will review the request and decide whether the charges comply with local legislation and the UAE’s international obligations.

Grounds for Refusal of Extradition to the UAE

Extradition requests to the UAE could be rejected in the following situations:

  1. The person in question is a citizen of the UAE.
  2. The legislation of the UAE is applicable to the case.
  3. The crime has a political nature.
  4. The crime is related to military obligations.
  5. If the crime is based on ethnic, religious, national, or political biases;
  6. The individual has already been punished for the same crime in the UAE.
  7. The individual had previously been convicted and acquitted, or the sentence had been fully served.
  8. The sentence has expired or the criminal proceedings have been discontinued.
  9. There is a risk of the use of torture or inhumane treatment.
  10. Having refugee status or political asylum in the UAE.

Extradition requests require thorough analysis and knowledge of both international and national law. If you’re facing the threat of extradition to the UAE or need advice on this matter, please contact our lawyers for professional assistance and to protect your rights.

Removal of Red Notices in Dubai

Having an Interpol Red Notice limits a person’s freedom of movement, as crossing borders carries the risk of being detained. There’s also the risk of financial assets being frozen, denial of banking services, and numerous reputational issues. Fortunately, a Red Notice can be contested and removed on the following grounds:

  • Political persecution;
  • Violation of human rights;
  • Religious, ethnic, or social discrimination;
  • The presence of outdated or inaccurate information (charges were dropped, the case was closed, or the individual was acquitted);
  • Violation of Interpol rules and procedures.
  • Lack of evidence;
  • Breach of the principle of Non bis in idem.

For  removal of the red notification it is necessary to submit an official request to the Commission for the Control of Interpol’s Files. In the complaint, it is important to specify the grounds for the removal of the notice, providing all necessary evidence.

The CCF considers complaints regarding compliance with the Interpol charter and makes a decision on whether a notice can remain in the system or must be removed.

Our extradition lawyers are ready to assist with contesting and removing a red notice, protecting your rights at every stage of the process. Please contact us for professional advice.

How Dubai Extradition Lawyer Can Help?

Our solicitors specialise in criminal matters and possess extensive practical knowledge in the field of extradition law, UAE extradition treaties and Interpol notices. Thanks to years of experience, our Interpol Law Firm  established close contacts with local lawyers in other jurisdictions, which allows for the acquisition of reliable information about the peculiarities of the criminal process.

We offer the following services:

  • Initial assessment of the case, examination of the grounds for extradition, and review of the presented evidence;
  • Legal advice regarding possible outcomes.
  • Checking the legality of the request and its compliance with legislation;
  • Development of a defence strategy;
  • Representation at all stages of legal proceedings;
  • Contesting and removal of Interpol’s red notice;
  • Preparing and submitting appeals to higher judicial authorities;
  • Cooperation with lawyers in the requesting country.

If you’re facing the threat of extradition in Dubai or need to contest Interpol Red Notice, contact our solicitors. We can assist even in the most complex situations and will offer the most effective solution to protect your rights and freedom.

Dmytro Konovalenko
Senior Partner, Attorney-at-law, admitted to the Bar (Certificate to practice Law #001156)
Dmytro Konovalenko is member of the International Association of Lawyers. He specialises in cases related to Interpol and successfully successfully challenged Red Notices, extradition requests, and implemented preventive measures for clients from Europe, Asia, the Far East.

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    Thailand Extradition Lawyers and Attorneys

    Extradition matters in Thailand should be taken with the utmost seriousness, as they can fundamentally alter your life in the long term. As such, it’s imperative to seek legal assistance from qualified extradition lawyers when you have committed a crime that warrants deportation to your home country or have an Interpol red notice.

    Contact Extradition Lawyers!

    Our extradition lawyers in Thailand have vast experience with extradition proceedings and will help you navigate the Thai laws, ensuring a fair and accurate representation of your interests in court. We are authoritative experts in international law, thus we can provide comprehensive assistance with extradition matters in Thailand.

    Extradition in Thailand

    Extradition is the process by which one country hands over a person accused or convicted of a crime to another country to face criminal charges or to serve a sentence.

    Active extradition involves transferring individuals wanted for criminal prosecution to Thailand. Passive extradition refers to extraditing individuals from Thailand. If the request is granted, the person is handed over to the country requesting extradition for further proceedings.

    In the extradition request from Thailand, the following information must be provided:

    • Personal details (full name and date of birth, nationality, passport information, physical description, photographs, and other identifying information);
    • Description of the crime specified violated articles of the criminal code;
    • The legal status of the case, evidence of the person’s guilt;
    • Evidence confirming that the individual is evading justice;
    • A link to the relevant international extradition treaty or bilateral extradition agreement between Thailand and the requesting country;
    • Any additional information or documents required to support the extradition request.

    The fundamental principles of extradition in Thailand:

    • The principle of dual criminality;
    • Limitation period;
    • Non-political nature of the crimes;
    • Human rights guarantee;
    • Double jeopardy (Ne bis in idem);
    • The principle of a fair trial.

    Thai Extradition Laws

    An extradition request in Thailand is governed by the Extradition Act B.E. 2551 of 2008, which establishes the rules and procedures for the transfer of individuals accused or convicted of crimes to other states. Thailand is also bound by international extradition treaties with a number of countries, simplifying the process of surrendering individuals who are evading justice.

    Thailand has signed a number of bilateral and multilateral extradition treaties with various countries, including the USA, the UK, Australia, and Canada.

    According to Thai extradition law, a person can be deported for any crime punishable by the death penalty, or if the committed crime is punishable by imprisonment for a term of more than 1 year.

    The Extradition Process in Thailand

    Extradition begins with a request submitted by a foreign state to the Office of the Attorney General of Thailand. If the country does not have an extradition treaty with Thailand, the request is sent through the usual diplomatic channels.

    The Thai court is assessing it in terms of compliance with the extradition law. The key factors are the principle of dual criminality and adherence to human rights standards.

    If the court approves extradition, the final decision is made by Thailand’s Minister of Justice. They can refuse to extradite if there’s a risk of human rights violations, political motivation behind the case, or if it contradicts Thailand’s international obligations.

    If the decision on extradition is made, the individual is transferred to the requesting state for further legal proceedings or to serve their sentence.

    Offences Requiring Extradition

    Under the Thai Extradition Act B.E. 2551, the following crimes are subject to extradition:

    • Drug trafficking, production, and distribution of narcotics;
    • Participation in terrorist acts;
    • Financing of terrorism;
    • Premeditated murder;
    • Corruption.
    • Major financial frauds;
    • Money laundering;
    • Human trafficking, forced labor, and sexual exploitation;
    • Organized crime;
    • Crimes against humanity;
    • Cybercrime.

    Extradition Conditions in Thailand:

    • The crime must be qualified for extradition in accordance with Thai laws.
    • The suspect should not be charged with political crimes.
    • The nature of the crime should not be of a military character.
    • Extradition must not breach any other laws of the Kingdom.
    • The requesting state does not have a final decision on the innocence of the accused.
    • The individual was not granted amnesty in the requested state.
    • The individual has not served a sentence or been sentenced to punishment in the requested state.
    • An individual is not deprived of the right to appear before a court on charges of committing a crime.

    Countries Without an Extradition Treaty with Thailand

    Thailand has extradition treaties with fifteen countries. That means countries like the USA, the UK, Belgium, Canada, the Republic of China, South Korea, Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Cambodia, Laos, Bangladesh, Fiji, Australia, and Hungary can forward extradition requests to them. Therefore, the list of countries with which Thailand does not have extradition agreements is quite extensive.

    For example, Thailand does not have extradition treaties with the following countries:

    • Russia
    • Germany
    • France
    • Spain
    • Mexico
    • Austria
    • Singapore
    • China
    • Saudi Arabia
    • United Arab Emirates
    • Cuba
    • Vietnam
    • Iran
    • North Korea
    • Belarus
    • Kazakhstan

    But even if no extradition treaty has been concluded between the countries, a request for the transfer of a suspect or accused person can be accepted. The request will be considered on a special basis.

    Our solicitors have experience with international cases and can assist clients in navigating the nuances of extradition processes, even in the absence of formal agreements.

    Extradition and Interpol Red Notice

    Interpol Red Notice is an international request for the temporary detention of an individual with the aim of their possible extradition. It is issued at the request of the country seeking the suspect to face criminal proceedings or convicted person for a crime.

    Although a red notice is not an international arrest warrant Many countries use it as a legal basis for detaining a person and initiating extradition proceedings.

    If another country is seeking a person located in Thailand, it can submit an extradition request through Interpol. Following this, the Organisation issues a red notice, which informs the Thai authorities about the whereabouts of the person being sought.

    Upon receiving a red notice, the Thai police can detain an individual based on this notice. However, the further extradition procedure must be approved by the court and the Ministry of Justice of Thailand before surrendering the suspect the the requesting country.

    Removal of Red Notices in Thailand

    Removing the red notification can be initiated through the Commission for the Control of INTERPOL’s Files (CCF). An individual detained on the basis of a Red Notice, or their representatives, may submit a complaint to INTERPOL if the notice violates international standards:

    • The political motivation behind the request;
    • Human rights violation;
    • Lack of sufficient evidence.

    Our solicitors have experience in dealing with matters related to red notices and can assist at all stages of the process. We provide:

    • Consultations on the legality of red notices.
    • Representation in Thai courts;
    • Preparing complaints to Interpol for the removal of notices.

    We offer professional support in protecting your rights and interests.

    Extradition Law Firm in Thailand

    Our law firm specialises in complex legal issues related to international extradition in Thailand. We provide a full range of services to protect the interests of clients facing the threat of extradition. We handle matters of extradition both from Thailand and to Thailand.

    Our experienced extradition lawyers in Thailand are ready to provide the following services:

    • Legal advice;
    • Assessment of the request’s legality and its compliance with Thai legislation;
    • Extradition disputes;
    • Initiating the procedure for the removal of Interpol’s red notices.
    • Full legal support.

    Our Interpol Law Firm possesses extensive experience in handling extradition cases and is familiar with all the legal nuances of this complex process. We are ready to represent clients’ interests both in Thailand and in other jurisdictions.

    If you’re facing extradition in Thailand or are subject to an Interpol red notice, please get in touch with our solicitors for prompt and professional assistance. We know how to protect your rights and secure a fair outcome.

    Dmytro Konovalenko
    Senior Partner, Attorney-at-law, admitted to the Bar (Certificate to practice Law #001156)
    Dmytro Konovalenko is member of the International Association of Lawyers. He specialises in cases related to Interpol and successfully successfully challenged Red Notices, extradition requests, and implemented preventive measures for clients from Europe, Asia, the Far East.

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      US Extradition Lawyers and Solicitors

      International extradition refers to the process by which one country hands over an alleged or suspected criminal to another country that has made a formal request. International law states that sovereign nations are not obliged to extradite their own citizens. However, in a collective effort to uphold justice and diplomatic relations, countries enter into extradition treaties with each other.

      The extradition process in the US requires a profound understanding of both national legislation and international treaties. Our lawyers at Interpol law firm are ready to provide expert assistance in extradition matters, international arrest warrants, and other criminal issues.

      Contact Extradition Lawyer!

      The Extradition Act in the United States

      Extradition to the USA is governed by both national legislation and international treaties. The primary legislative act regulating extradition in the USA is U.S. Code Title 18, §§ 3181–3196. Section 18 of the U.S. Code governs the general principles and extradition process within the country, including a description of which crimes are extraditable and the process for reviewing extradition requests. This law establishes the requirements for an International extradition request to be considered justified.

      Furthermore, the 1996 amendments to 18 U.S.C. 3181 and 3184 allow the United States, regardless of the existence of a treaty, to extradite individuals (who are not citizens, subjects, or permanent residents of the US) who have committed violent crimes against citizens of the United States in foreign countries.

      Extradition to the USA is divided into two types:

      1. Active extradition: The US government requests the extradition of an alleged criminal from another country for legal proceedings or to serve a sentence.
      2. Passive extradition: another country submits a request for the extradition of a person located in the US for criminal prosecution within its jurisdiction.

      Extradition to the USA may be requested for the following types of alleged crimes:

      • Drug trafficking, production, and distribution of narcotic substances;
      • Participation in terrorist acts;
      • Financing of terrorism;
      • Premeditated murder;
      • Corruption;
      • Large-scale financial fraud;
      • Money laundering;
      • Human trafficking, forced labour, and sexual exploitation;
      • Organized crime;
      • Crimes against humanity;
      • Cybercrime.

      Grounds for extradition from the USA:

      1. Extradition treaty presence: The USA has created binding extradition treaties with more than 100 countries.
      2. The principle of dual criminality: the crime for which extradition is requested must be considered criminally punishable in both the USA and the requesting country.
      3. The seriousness of the alleged crime: administrative or minor offences are not grounds for extradition.
      4. The absence of a political nature to the crime: If the request is based on a political crime like involvement in opposition movements or protests, this can serve as grounds for refusing extradition.
      5. Threat of human rights violations: risk of torture, cruel treatment, or capital punishment like the death penalty. This rule applies to most extradition treaties to ensure fundermental human rights are protected.
      6. Sufficient evidence: current and reliable confirmation of the guilt of the person sought, the evidence must meet the standards of the US criminal justice system.
      7. Limitation period: the crime must be within the statute of limitations both in the USA and in the country submitting the request.

      When these conditions are ignored, you will need the help of a competent legal advocate to assist you in successfully fighting extradition to the requesting country. That is because challenging extradition is a complex legal process that requires a clear understanding of international and local laws.

      How does US Extradition Work?

      Foreign extradition requests should be sent through diplomatic channels, typically from the requesting country’s embassy in Washington to the State Department. If the request is properly formatted, an International extradition attorney from the Office of the Legal Adviser at the State Department prepares a certificate confirming that a treaty exists, that the offense is extraditable, and that the supporting documents are duly authenticated in accordance with 18 U.S.C. § 3190. Following this, the request is forwarded to the Office of International Affairs (OIA) at the Department of Justice.

      The Ministry of Internal Affairs examines it for sufficiency and sends requests to the US Attorney’s Office in the judicial district where the fugitive is located. Then, the US Attorney’s Office obtains a warrant, the suspect is arrested, and appears before a US magistrate or district judge. However, the government opposes bail in extradition cases.

      If the criminal does not waive their right to a hearing, the court conducts the hearing in accordance with 18 U. If the court confirms the request, it issues an order for extradition proceedings and forwards the record to the Secretary of State, who then decides on extraditing the fugitive to the requesting government.

      The Ministry of Foreign Affairs notifies the foreign government and arranges for the transfer of the criminal to agents designated by the requesting country. Although the ruling issued after the extradition hearings is not subject to appeal, the suspect may file a habeas corpus petition immediately after the ruling is made. The district court’s decision on the petition can be appealed, and extradition may be suspended if the court makes a corresponding decision.

      If you require assistance with International or interstate extradition matters, our skilled criminal defense attorney is ready to provide expert advice and legal support.

      Extradition and Interpol Red Notice

      Interpol Red Notice is not a legally binding arrest warrant, but it can be used as grounds for detaining a person in the USA with subsequent consideration of an International extradition request.

      If a Red Notice from Interpol is received in the USA, this notice can be used to temporarily arrest a person sought under an international warrant. A Red Notice does not automatically lead to extradition – each situation is assessed according to the relevant laws and international treaties.

      The United States government conducts a thorough review of each extradition request to ensure there is a bilateral extradition treaty, the principle of dual criminality is met, and human rights are respected. Requests related to political crimes are generally not considered for extradition, as are those where there is a risk of human rights violations.

      For removal of Interpol red notice one must submit a request to the Commission for the Control of Interpol’s Files (CCF). The Commission reviews the petition and makes a decision. If the review is successful, Interpol removes the notice from its databases, and the individual is no longer subject to international search.

      What Countries Don’t Have Extradition with USA

      As of 2024, the United States government has extradition treaties with more than 100 countries. However, the extradition process is not possible to any foreign country that holds a hostile stance towards the USA, such as Iran, North Korea, and Russia. Additionally, extradition treaties are absent in most countries in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and the former USSR.

      Some countries may also refuse to sign extradition treaties due to foreign policy considerations or to encourage people to emigrate to their states. As such, US nationals may also immigrate to these states to avoid extradition.

      The USA does not have extradition treaties with the following sovereign states:

      • Afghanistan
      • Algeria
      • Armenia
      • Azerbaijan
      • Bangladesh
      • Belarus
      • China
      • Georgia
      • Indonesia
      • Iran
      • Kazakhstan
      • Maldives
      • Moldova
      • Mongolia
      • Morocco
      • North Korea
      • Oman
      • Qatar
      • Russia
      • Saudi Arabia
      • Syria
      • Tajikistan
      • Tunisia
      • Turkmenistan
      • Ukraine
      • United Arab Emirates
      • Uzbekistan
      • Vatican
      • Vietnam

      Additionally, there are no extradition treaties with the following partially recognized states:

      • Abkhazia
      • Northern Cyprus
      • Palestine
      • Somaliland
      • South Ossetia
      • Taiwan
      • Transnistria
      • Western Sahara

      However, even in the absence of an extradition treaty, the authorities can decide to extradite a criminal. In that case, International extradition cases will be considered based on the underlying circumstances instead of being subject to automatic obligations arising from a treaty.

      Grounds for Refusal of Extradition to the USA

      Under the following circumstances, International extradition may be denied both from the USA and to the USA:

      • The political nature of the crime;
      • Human rights violation;
      • The threat of cruel treatment or the use of the death penalty;
      • The absence of the principle of double criminality;
      • Expiration of the statute of limitations;
      • Unreliable or insufficient evidence;
      • Absence of an extradition treaty;
      • Breach of the non bis in idem principle (prohibition of double jeopardy).

      Why You Should Choose Interpol Lawyers

      Our Interpol law firm specialises in the protection of clients’ interests on the international stage. Let’s consider the main advantages of collaborating with our team of extradition lawyers:

      • Extensive experience in the field of international law;
      • A comprehensive approach to problem-solving;
      • A global network of partners around the world for effective protection of clients’ interests in various countries.
      • Highly qualified specialists;
      • Full confidentiality protection;
      • Expert representation in Interpol;
      • Professional support at all stages of the case, from initial consultation to the final resolution of disputes.

      Our International extradition attorneys are always focused on achieving the best possible outcome for our clients. Thanks to the high level of professionalism and skills of our team, we have successfully resolved even the most complex and challenging International extradition cases.

      Contact extradition lawyers in the USA

      Our team of extradition defense lawyers does not employ one-size-fits-all solutions. Each legal strategy is developed taking into account all the details of your case, international law, extradition treaties and the specificities of the requesting country. We possess the knowledge and expertise to handle the most complex cases, including international disputes, extradition proceedings, and cases involving Interpol requests.

      Don’t wait until the situation worsens. If you’re facing extradition or wish to contest an extradition request, get in touch with our lawyers in the US. Contact our federal criminal defense lawyers right now to receive a consultation and start defending your interests in the extradition case!

      Dmytro Konovalenko
      Senior Partner, Attorney-at-law, admitted to the Bar (Certificate to practice Law #001156)
      Dmytro Konovalenko is member of the International Association of Lawyers. He specialises in cases related to Interpol and successfully successfully challenged Red Notices, extradition requests, and implemented preventive measures for clients from Europe, Asia, the Far East.

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        Toronto Extradition Lawyer

        Our team has extensive experience in defending clients facing extradition requests. We represent high-profile individuals who are targeted by political adversaries or involved in contentious legal disputes. With a deep understanding of international law and procedures, we provide comprehensive advice on all matters related to extradition, red notices removal. Our expertise enables us to effectively navigate the complexities of extradition defense and protect our clients’ interests.

        Contact Extradition Lawyer!

        Canada actively cooperates with international organisations on matters of extradition and criminal law and enforcement. The extradition process in the requesting country is governed by local legislation, criminal law and international agreements. One of the key tools for this legal process is Interpol’s red notice.

        Although Red Notices are not official arrest warrants, they pose a threat to an individual’s freedom. Therefore, it is crucial to seek qualified legal assistance as soon as possible. Our team of experienced extradition and other extradition partner, international criminal court and international criminal court defence, criminal lawyers, here in Canada investigation abroad has a deep understanding of international legal standards requesting jurisdiction and Interpol principles. We are ready to provide tailored and practical solutions for each specific case.

        Extradition in Canada

        Extradition is a form of international cooperation in serious crime in which countries transfer individuals suspected of committing criminal offences to other countries for trial or to surrender order to serve a sentence imposed by foreign jurisdiction for criminal offence.

        In Canada, extradition can be requested from foreign authorities for the crime or following crime or groups of crimes:

        • Drug trafficking organisation;
        • The production and distribution of prohibited substances;
        • Murder;
        • Sexual offences;
        • Major financial fraud;
        • Money laundering;
        • Corruption.
        • Organising or financing acts of terrorism;
        • Crimes against national security;
        • Human trafficking;
        • Arms smuggling;
        • Crimes against humanity.

        The procedure begins with an official request for extradition, which is sent to the Canadian authorities by a foreign state. This request must contain sufficient evidence to justify the extradition, as well as comply with the conditions of the extradition agreement concluded between the countries.

        Upon receiving a request, the Canadian Minister of Justice reviews its legality. If the minister of justice request contravenes fundamental human rights, it will be rejected at the initial stage of extradition hearing.

        The extradition request goes through a Canadian court, where the presence of sufficient evidence for the individual’s extradition is assessed in superior court. The judge evaluates what evidence establishes the grounds for suspicion of committing the crime for which extradition to requesting country is requested.

        During legal proceedings in foreign court, lawyers representing clients can challenge the legality of extradition on the grounds of insufficient evidence, human rights violations, or other legal reasons in foreign jurisdiction.

        Extradition to Canada can be refused for the following reasons:

        • The risk of torture, inhumane treatment, or unfair judicial proceedings;
        • The matter is politically motivated.
        • The threat of the death penalty;
        • The absence of the principle of dual criminality;
        • The evidence presented does not meet the standards of Canadian legislation.

        After the supreme court ruling, lawyers across the country and Justice Minister makes the final decision on extradition.

        Extradition and Interpol Red Notice

        An Interpol Red Notice is an international request for the temporary detention of an individual with the aim of their possible extradition. Unlike an arrest warrant, a Red Notice is not a legal document that mandates arrest or criminal prosecution. However, many countries, including Canada, consider it as grounds for carrying out detention and initiating extradition proceedings.

        Interpol does not have the authority to compel countries to arrest or extradite individuals. All decisions regarding detention criminal charges and other extradition proceedings are made at the level of national governments and courts.

        Countries with no Extradition Treaty with Canada

        Extradition treaties are international agreements that govern the procedure for transferring individuals accused or convicted in foreign country of crimes to requesting country. For extradition to a foreign jurisdiction to where extradition partner be carried out or fight extradition otherwise, there must be mutual circumstances stipulated in the treaty.

        However, Canada does not have such agreements with some countries due to discrepancies in legal systems, the absence of diplomatic relations, or the risk of human rights violations.

        1. India: obstacles due to politically motivated cases and differences in approaches to human rights;
        2. USA: There exists only an agreement on cooperation in matters of international law.
        3. Costa Rica: Differences in legal systems and human rights standards are preventing the conclusion of a formal agreement.
        4. Poland: Changes in Poland’s legal system and concerns over judicial independence are causing worry in Canada.
        5. UAE: Concerns over human rights violations, including the use of the death penalty, complicate treaty negotiations.
        6. Mexico: Corruption and differences in the legal system complicate the creation of formal agreements.
        7. The Philippines: Extrajudicial killings and frequent human rights violations are the reason for the absence of an extradition agreement between countries.

        Canada also does not have extradition treaties with the following countries: China, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Iran, North Korea, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Vietnam, Algeria, Cuba, Kazakhstan, Qatar, Belarus, Syria, Yemen, Libya, Somalia, Armenia, Uzbekistan, and Laos.

        Interpol Law Firm in Canada

        If you believe that the extradition request in your name is unlawful, it’s crucial to seek assistance from an experienced extradition lawyer and criminal lawyer, and solicitors as soon as possible, lawyers who will swiftly and adeptly navigate you out of this predicament. Our team of qualified immigration lawyers and criminal lawyers, possesses profound knowledge and the necessary experience in this field. We, along with our partners in Canada at Adam P. Newman Criminal Defence, are always on the client’s side, employing a tailored approach in our work and meticulously analysing each specific case.

        Why You Should Choose Interpol Lawyers

        International criminal law and legal matters require very experienced criminal lawyers, with special expertise and experience. Our Interpol law firm offers clients experienced lawyers and criminal lawyer with unique advantages that enable the effective resolution of the most complex and intricate of criminal law, criminal trials, and legal challenges we represent clients.

        You should choose us to protect your interests for the following reasons:

        1. Expertise in Interpol matters. We have a deep understanding of international law and the procedures for interacting with Interpol. Our team has significant experience in dealing with red notices, challenging their legality, and defending clients who are facing international charges.
        2. A tailored approach to each case. Every situation is unique, which is why we offer a personalised approach to each client, carefully examining all the circumstances of the case. Our team develops defence strategies that take into account not only the legal nuances but also the personal needs and interests of our clients.
        3. International network of partners. Our company closely collaborates with partners in various jurisdictions, enabling us to effectively address international legal issues.
        4. Efficiency and high qualification. International matters often require swift response and decision-making. Our team offers solutions based on a deep understanding of legislation and years of experience in this field.
        5. Successful experience in defending Interpol cases. Our firm has extensive experience in successfully challenging Interpol red notices, as well as defending clients in extradition cases. We have repeatedly helped clients avoid unjust persecution and restore their right to freedom of movement.
        6. Confidentiality and protection of interests. We guarantee complete confidentiality for all our clients’ affairs and prioritise the protection of their interests. Every case is handled with the utmost caution and attention to detail, to minimise any risks to the client.

        Contact an Extradition Lawyer in Toronto

        If you or your loved ones are facing extradition hearing the threat of an extradition, extradition bail hearing, criminal trials, or criminal trials, it’s crucial to act swiftly and seek expert legal assistance. Our top extradition lawyers and criminal lawyers here in Toronto have years of experience in extradition processes and criminal laws,and are ready to provide you with comprehensive legal support.

        Our team of Interpol lawyers is always ready to answer your questions and offer comprehensive legal advice on the best solutions for your protection. Contact us right now to discuss the details of your case and receive professional assistance.

        London Extradition Lawyers and Solicitors

        Intercollegium Lawyers has extensive expertise in successfully challenging extradition requests. Our team advises British individuals facing extradition demands from foreign authorities, as well as international high-net-worth individuals requiring assistance with potentially politically motivated or other complex extradition matters.

        Contact Extradition Lawyers!

        Extradition law is a niche and complex area of jurisprudence that requires specialised skills and knowledge. Our extradition lawyers, London have huge experience and significant success in contesting extradition requests from EU countries and around the globe. Moreover, our team of experienced extradition lawyers is ready to provide expert assistance on extradition matters, international arrest warrants, and many other legal issues.

        Extradition in the UK

        Extradition is a legal process during which foreign judicial bodies or governments request assistance from the UK authorities in arresting and returning an individual accused or suspected of committing a crime like drug trafficking back to their country. The extradition request can be made for two reasons: to serve a prison sentence or to stand trial.

        Extradition proceedings in the UK are governed by several international treaties and domestic laws, including the Extradition Act 2003. However, extradition is only possible for serious crimes that are criminally punishable in both the requesting state and the UK.

        The United Kingdom can extradite individuals for the following alleged offences: murder and other forms of premeditated homicide; rape and sexual offences; drug trafficking; terrorism and the financing of terrorist acts; fraud; money laundering; corruption; tax evasion; embezzlement of state funds; arms smuggling; human trafficking; cybercrimes; genocide; human rights violations like war crimes threat to national security.

        The extradition process depends on the existence of a bilateral agreement between the UK and another state, adherence to the European Convention on Human Rights, and other procedural norms.

        However, an extradition request can be contested on the following grounds:

        • Breach of the Non Bis In Idem principle (double jeopardy): The requested person cannot be punished twice for the same offence.
        • Political motives for the crime, as well as racial, religious, national, or other forms of discrimination;
        • Human rights violations, the risk of torture, cruel treatment, or the death penalty;
        • The absence of a decision to prosecute or the inadequacy of the legislative framework.
        • Expiration of the statute of limitations for the crime;
        • In cases involving the European Arrest Warrant (EAW) a person’s age can be a factor (the individual must be of an age that makes it plausible for them to have committed a crime).
        • The principle of specialty prohibits the requesting country from prosecuting or punishing an individual for a crime other than the one for which extradition was granted.

        To contest an extradition request, the requested person or their lawyers must submit an application to a British court. The judges assess the evidence presented by both sides and make the appropriate decision. In the event of an unfavorable outcome, the defense can appeal extradition cases to higher authorities, including the Supreme Court and the European Court of Human Rights.

        The Extradition Law in the United Kingdom

        The 2003 Extradition Act established the application of two different extradition procedures for Category 1 and Category 2 countries.

        • Category 1 – an expedited European Arrest Warrant, which involves a simplified procedure.
        • Category 2 – a more complex procedure where the requesting country must prove its case.

        The extradition request must be compatible with the European Convention. BSB specializes in challenging extradition requests from a human rights perspective.

        Extradition to Category 1 countries

        Category 1 states are subject to Part 1 of the Extradition Act and use the European Arrest Warrant (EAW). Following Brexit, the UK is no longer part of the European Arrest Warrants (EAW) system. However, from 1 January 2021, a new agreement between the UK and EU countries has been in effect regarding a simplified extradition procedure.

        The process is incredibly straightforward. The requesting state needs to issue an EAW (European Arrest Warrant). The National Crime Agency (NCA) then issues a certification of approval, provided certain criteria are met. Following the temporary arrest of the requested individual, an initial hearing takes place at Westminster Magistrates’ Court. This is then followed by a final extradition hearing.

        The following countries fall into Category 1: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.

        Extradition to Category 2 countries

        Extradition requests from Category 2 countries are processed differently, involving the Home Secretary and the court. Category 2 countries are divided into Type A and Type B.

        Countries classified as Type A are not required to provide prima facie evidence in support of their extradition requests. These include Albania, Curaçao, Andorra, Armenia, Georgia, Australia, Iceland, Azerbaijan, Hong Kong, Israel, Liechtenstein, Canada, the USA, Macedonia, Moldova, Serbia, Monaco, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland, Montenegro, Ukraine, Turkey, Russia, and the Republic of Korea.

        Countries of type B must provide prima facie case evidence in support of their extradition request. This category includes all countries not previously mentioned.

        The Extradition Process in the United Kingdom

        Earlier, we looked at the simplified extradition procedure for Category 1 countries. The process for Category 2 countries requires detailed examination.

        Extradition requests from Category 2 countries are submitted to the Home Secretary and must include personal details of the individual sought, a detailed description of the crime, evidence of an arrest warrant or court conviction. The court reviews the request and, upon confirming its legitimacy, issues an arrest warrant.

        At the initial hearing, the court must explain the extradition procedure to the person concerned, set a date for the final hearing on the extradition case, and consider the issue of bail release.

        If the individual in question does not consent to extradition, a subsequent hearing on this matter will be conducted. At this hearing, the court will consider:

        • Is a committed crime subject to extradition?
        • Is a minimum level of punishment envisaged?
        • Is the alleged offence considered a crime in the United Kingdom?

        In the event that an extradition order is issued, the person in question may submit their objections to the Home Secretary within four weeks from the moment the case is passed to the Home Secretary. The case will be forwarded to the Home Secretary for a decision on whether to issue an extradition order.

        If there are no legislative prohibitions on issuing a warrant, the Secretary of State will issue an extradition warrant for the person sought.

        If legislative prohibitions are applicable, the Secretary of State will issue an order for the release of the person in question.

        Extradition and Interpol Red Notice

        Interpol Red Notice is not an international arrest warrant, but it informs Interpol members that a certain country wishes to achieve the arrest and extradition of the specified individual. The United Kingdom can use this notification for the temporary detention of the person. That is usually the first indication that an individual might deal with a potential extradition request.

        After a person is detained based on a red notice, they have the right to a judicial review of the case. The judicial authorities in the UK check whether the extradition request complies with the country’s domestic legislation and international agreements, including adherence to human rights. For the removal of Interpol red notice it is necessary to submit a request to the Commission for the Control of Interpol’s Files (CCF). Our Interpol and extradition solicitors have many years of experience dealing with Interpol red notices, and are therefore ready to answer all your questions and provide expert legal advice.

        Countries With no Extradition Treaty with the UK

        The United Kingdom has not entered into extradition treaties with some countries due to political disagreements, differences in legal systems, and other diplomatic reasons.

        • Afghanistan
        • Algeria
        • Armenia
        • Bahrain
        • Belarus
        • Butane
        • Cambodia
        • China
        • North Korea
        • Ethiopia
        • Guinea
        • Indonesia
        • Kazakhstan
        • Kuwait
        • Laos
        • Libya
        • Maldives
        • Mongolia
        • Nepal
        • Russia
        • Saudi Arabia
        • Somalia
        • Syria
        • Tajikistan
        • Tunisia
        • Uganda
        • Uzbekistan
        • Vietnam
        • Venezuela
        • Cuba

        However, even in the absence of an extradition agreement, the UK can proceed with the extradition of a suspect or accused individual. In instances where a state doesn’t have an extradition arrangement with the UK, each specific case will be considered on its own merits rather than applying the general provisions of a treaty.

        Extradition Law Firm in London

        Intercollegium is an international law firm specializing in complex matters of extradition, international law, Interpol notices, and other legal nuances. Our key areas:

        1. Extradition
        2. International criminal law.
        3. Removal of Interpol red notices.
        4. Disputing international arrest warrants;
        5. Protection of human rights;
        6. Legal representation in court;
        7. Political asylum.

        Our Interpol law firm has many years of experience in successfully resolving complex international matters and representing clients across various jurisdictions around the world.

        We represent our clients’ interests in the highest judicial instances, as well as interact with international organizations.

        Contact Extradition Solicitors London

        Since you reached out, our team of experienced extradition solicitors has been dedicated to simplifying the legal proceedings and developing the most effective defense strategy. Thanks to our extensive network of legal partners, we provide support and advice on international matters, regardless of where our client is located.

        If you find yourself in a situation involving complex extradition cases, an Interpol red notice, or other international legal issues, our lawyers are ready to offer you professional legal support. Our experienced extradition lawyers possess all the necessary knowledge, experience, and resources to successfully resolve your case.

        Contact us right now for a consultation and get realistic advice on any extradition matter. Our International solicitors ensure you get expert legal support at every stage of the case.

        Dmytro Konovalenko
        Senior Partner, Attorney-at-law, admitted to the Bar (Certificate to practice Law #001156)
        Dmytro Konovalenko is member of the International Association of Lawyers. He specialises in cases related to Interpol and successfully successfully challenged Red Notices, extradition requests, and implemented preventive measures for clients from Europe, Asia, the Far East.

          Planet

          How can you avoid extradition to the requesting state?

          There are several grounds on which you can argue for your extradition request to be denied, legally called Bars to extradition. These include the double jeopardy rule and the absence of a decision from the prosecution case. Your physical and mental health can also be used to argue against extradition.

          Which alleged crimes can a person be extradited for in the UK?

          You can be extradited to and from the UK for committing serious crimes like drug trafficking and crimes against humanity, provided the alleged act is a criminal offence in the UK and the requesting country.

          Does Switzerland extradite people to the UK?

          According to article 8, Switzerland cannot decline to extradite individuals to the UK because the requested person is a Swiss National. However, Switzerland can refuse to extradite if they have jurisdiction to prosecute the requested person for the alleged crimes for which the extradition is being sought.